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The Shortest path algorithms so you go to google maps and you want to find the shortest path from one city to another.  Two algorithms can help you, they both calculate the shortest distance from a source node into all other nodes, one node can handle negative weights with cycles and another cannot, Dijkstra cannot and bellman ford can. One is Dijkstra if you run the Dijkstra algorithm on this map its input would be a single source node and its output would be the path to all other vertices.  However, there is a caveat if Elon mask comes and with some magic creates a black hole loop which makes one of the edges negative weight then the Dijkstra algorithm would fail to give you the answer. This is where bellman Ford algorithm comes into place, it's like the Dijkstra algorithm only it knows to handle well negative weight in edges. Dijkstra has an issue handling negative weights and cycles Bellman's ford algorithm target is to find the shortest path from a single node in a graph t